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There are some industrial and commercial buildings that now surpass sixty stories or more. These buildings all need tall cranes to be able to help move the materials to the higher floors. There are cranes which are operated from the back of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the biggest types available on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures found as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. Wherever new construction like apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for instance shopping center are being built, odds are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
There are two different types of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could range from 30 pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast which is composed of separate sections. The sections are added to be able increase the overall height of the machine. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to be able to lift supplies. This cord extends out from a motor situated near the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when lifting heavy supplies.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a particular kind of mobile crane. These cranes make use of hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the pistons of the boom in opposite directions so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very important in building major projects like for instance airports, bridges, buildings and streets. A crane could accomplish in minutes jobs which would normally take hundreds of men and lots of hours to complete.
The great equipments are commonly used in the construction of cities, homes, whole nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably built with the help of basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The very first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt in King Ramses'' reign. This lifting mechanism was first utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to create an entire country during the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards began to need stronger and bigger machinery. Hick & Rothwell designed the very first cast iron cranes during the year 1834, in Bolton, England. This machinery can lift up to 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a bigger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany began to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was built in Neuburg.
